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Main Raw Materials for Shiitake Mushroom Cultivation
2026-01-26
1. Main Material
Wood sawdust is the main raw material for shiitake mushroom cultivation using artificial substrates. Suitable tree species for shiitake mushroom growth are mainly concentrated in the Fagaceae, Betulaceae, Aceraceae, and Hamamelidaceae families. The sawdust of trees such as oak, chestnut, and chinquapin from the Fagaceae family has a dense texture, high density, low porosity, and high lignin content, making it more suitable for shiitake mushroom cultivation; while trees from the Theaceae family (e.g., *Schima superba*, *Camellia oleifera*) and the Lauraceae family (e.g., camphor tree, *Phoebe nanmu*) are not suitable for shiitake mushroom cultivation.
Wood sawdust is the main raw material for shiitake mushroom cultivation using artificial substrates. Suitable tree species for shiitake mushroom growth are mainly concentrated in the Fagaceae, Betulaceae, Aceraceae, and Hamamelidaceae families. The sawdust of trees such as oak, chestnut, and chinquapin from the Fagaceae family has a dense texture, high density, low porosity, and high lignin content, making it more suitable for shiitake mushroom cultivation; while trees from the Theaceae family (e.g., *Schima superba*, *Camellia oleifera*) and the Lauraceae family (e.g., camphor tree, *Phoebe nanmu*) are not suitable for shiitake mushroom cultivation.
2. Auxiliary Materials
To promote better growth and development of shiitake mushroom mycelium in the culture medium and increase the yield of shiitake mushrooms cultivated with artificial substrates, nitrogen sources, sugars, and buffering materials must be added to the culture medium in addition to wood sawdust.
(1) Wheat bran or rice bran: This is not only a good nitrogen source for shiitake mushroom growth and development, but also a carbon source. The large amount of vitamin B₁ and other nutrients contained in wheat bran or rice bran are essential vitamins for promoting the spread and growth of shiitake mushroom mycelium. Wheat bran or rice bran should be fresh and free from mold.
(2) Sugar: Adding sugar to the culture medium can promote nutrient absorption by the mycelium in the early stages of colonization. There are brown sugar and white sugar; brown sugar is better than white sugar because brown sugar contains 10-20 times more glucose than white sugar and also contains a large amount of minerals such as iron, zinc, and manganese, as well as carotene and riboflavin. Brown sugar should be purchased and used immediately.
(3) Buffering materials: Gypsum, calcium carbonate, and superphosphate are added to the shiitake mushroom culture medium as buffering materials. They are mainly used to neutralize the organic acids produced by the shiitake mushroom mycelium during the decomposition of the culture medium, and can also reduce the tannin content in the wood sawdust, which is more conducive to the growth of shiitake mushroom mycelium.
To promote better growth and development of shiitake mushroom mycelium in the culture medium and increase the yield of shiitake mushrooms cultivated with artificial substrates, nitrogen sources, sugars, and buffering materials must be added to the culture medium in addition to wood sawdust.
(1) Wheat bran or rice bran: This is not only a good nitrogen source for shiitake mushroom growth and development, but also a carbon source. The large amount of vitamin B₁ and other nutrients contained in wheat bran or rice bran are essential vitamins for promoting the spread and growth of shiitake mushroom mycelium. Wheat bran or rice bran should be fresh and free from mold.
(2) Sugar: Adding sugar to the culture medium can promote nutrient absorption by the mycelium in the early stages of colonization. There are brown sugar and white sugar; brown sugar is better than white sugar because brown sugar contains 10-20 times more glucose than white sugar and also contains a large amount of minerals such as iron, zinc, and manganese, as well as carotene and riboflavin. Brown sugar should be purchased and used immediately.
(3) Buffering materials: Gypsum, calcium carbonate, and superphosphate are added to the shiitake mushroom culture medium as buffering materials. They are mainly used to neutralize the organic acids produced by the shiitake mushroom mycelium during the decomposition of the culture medium, and can also reduce the tannin content in the wood sawdust, which is more conducive to the growth of shiitake mushroom mycelium.
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Henan Joconn Machinery Co., Ltd. is an enterprise specializing in the production of mushroom equipment. It is engaged in the development, production and application of machinery and equipment for mushroom growth production lines.