What are the key technologies for large-scale cultivation of oyster mushrooms?

What are the key technologies for large-scale cultivation of oyster mushrooms?

1. Culture material formula

Formula 1: 98% cottonseed hulls, 2% lime.

Formula 2: 39% corn cobs, 38% cottonseed hulls, 15% bran, 6% soybean meal, 2% lime.

[Note]
Oyster mushroom mycelium has strong adaptability and does not require high culture medium for mycelium growth. Practice has proved that in order to ensure high yield and high-quality oyster mushrooms, it is necessary to use cottonseed hulls, and at least 10% cottonseed hulls should be added; in addition, adding soybean meal, cottonseed meal or cottonseed powder is very effective and can significantly increase the yield, but the amount added should not be too much, which can easily lead to large-scale pollution or delay fruiting.

2. substrate mixing 
Weigh the raw materials according to the formula ratio, fully pre-wet the cottonseed hulls and corn cobs, evenly sprinkle the crushed soybean meal, bran, and lime, add water, and then fully mix and stir. The water content of the culture material is about 65%, and the pH is natural. In southern China, due to the high temperature and high humidity, normal pressure or high pressure sterilization is required to effectively control the contamination rate and obtain high quality and high yield.

3. Bagging
(1) Cultivation bag production: Generally, short bags of (20~23) cm × 38 cm × 0.004 cm are used, with one end inoculated and the other end fruiting. Long bags of (22~24) cm × (45~50) cm × 0.004 cm can also be used, with both ends inoculated and both ends fruiting.

It is recommended to use a short bag mode with one end fruiting, which is convenient for mechanical bagging and inoculation operations, and can improve the level of mechanization and production efficiency. After bagging, use a ring to seal.
Fermented materials for growing oyster mushrooms are suitable for use in cold areas. In order to reduce production costs and labor intensity, most growers do not perform normal pressure or high pressure sterilization. Instead, they increase the inoculation amount to shorten the germination time of the strain and control the outbreak of miscellaneous bacteria.