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What are the suitable growing conditions for Auricularia auricula?
What is the difference between black wood ear and Auricularia auricula ?
Auricularia auricula is cultivated artificially in China, Japan, India, Southeast Asia, etc.
Compared with black wood ear , Auricularia auricula （hairy wood ear ）has larger, thicker, rougher and tougher ear pieces, with hairs on the back, hard and chewy, strong resistance, easy to cultivate, and high yield. Their nutritional content is also similar.
Nutrition: Auricularia polytricha is a white-rot wood-decaying fungus that mainly breaks down lignin.
Temperature: It is a moderate to warm, stable fungus. Primordia form without temperature difference stimulation. Mycelium grows between 5 and 37°C, with an optimal range of 25 to 28°C. Primordia differentiation and fruit body development occur between 13 and 32°C. Yellow-backed mushrooms grow best at 22 to 28°C, while white-backed prefer 18 to 22°C. Higher temperatures cause thinner caps.
Light: During cultivation, shading is preferred. Wild Auricularia polytricha typically grow from cracks or insect holes in dead wood, where spores settle and germinate without sunlight. Fruiting bodies appear during rainy seasons from these hidden spots.
Humidity: High humidity is needed, similar to black wood ear. Different growth stages require varying moisture levels, alternating between dry and wet conditions.
Ventilation: The mushroom caps need to expand and are aerobic. CO2 above 1% inhibits growth and causes deformities like “dragon claw” mushrooms. High airflow is necessary.
Cultivation uses fermented substrate on racks and mature substrate on racks. Auricularia polytricha is grown seasonally.
Many raw materials can be used for Auricularia substrate, including mixed hardwood sawdust, cottonseed hull, bagasse, corn cob, etc. Spent mushroom substrates (SMS) from other mushrooms like enoki, king oyster, and shimeji, with short growing cycles of 46–57 days and single harvest, also have residual value. It is recommended that SMS content does not exceed 30% of the main substrate.
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