How to manage temperature, humidity, air, and light during the inhibition stage of bottle-grown Enoki mushroom ?

How to manage temperature, humidity, air, and light during the inhibition stage of bottle-grown Enoki mushroom ?

Inhibition stage
Day 14-18, temperature 3-5℃, relative air humidity 80%-85%, carbon dioxide concentration 0.3%-0.5%, light and wind inhibition.

Inhibition is a technical measure taken after the bud induction is completed (the primordium has been basically formed and the cap has just differentiated). It mainly slows down the development speed of the mushroom buds through the combined effects of low temperature, strong light, and strong wind, so as to improve the uniformity and quality of the mushroom buds. The inhibition time is 4-5 days.

(1) Temperature
The minimum temperature for the development of the fruiting body of Flammulina velutipes is 3℃. The fruiting body stops developing when it is lower than 3℃. When the temperature of the fruiting room is adjusted to 3-5℃, the development speed of the fruiting body slows down significantly, but the mushroom stem and mushroom cap become stronger, and the whole mushroom becomes more uniform. The temperature during the inhibition stage is generally controlled at 4~6℃, and should not be lower than 3℃, as the fruiting body stops developing. If the temperature is too high, the fruiting body cap will become larger, and the commodity value will decrease.

(2) Humidity
The fruiting body resistance during the inhibition stage is poor, and too low humidity can easily cause the fruiting body to shrink and wilt. During this stage, the ventilation volume should be increased, so the humidity in the fruiting room should be kept at 85%~90%. Factory-based Flammulina velutipes cultivation enterprises should avoid too low or too high humidity management during the inhibition period, such as 75%~80% or 90%~95%. If the humidity is too high, the cap and stipe will develop bacterial spot disease, which is prone to mushroom rot.

(3) Air
In order to inhibit the growth rate of the stipe and cap, it is necessary to adjust the ratio of oxygen and CO2 in the fruiting room. Increasing the ventilation volume can increase the oxygen content in the fruiting room and reduce the CO2 content. At the same time, it can take away excess moisture on the cap and stipe, reducing the occurrence of diseases. During the inhibition period, enterprises that cultivate Flammulina velutipes in factories should conduct appropriate ventilation according to the actual conditions of the fruiting room, such as the number, density, and humidity of the mushroom bottles. Generally, the carbon dioxide concentration should be kept at 0.3%~0.5%. A one-size-fits-all management model should not be adopted. Generally, the cold air blower should be turned on 3~4 days after the mushroom bottles are placed in the inhibition room, and the air should be blown for 2~3 hours every day for about 3 days, which is conducive to the cultivation of white, dry, and hard Flammulina velutipes.

(4) Light
Because Flammulina velutipes are photophobic fungi, light can have a huge impact on the development of Flammulina velutipes fruiting bodies. Its main function is to inhibit the growth of the stipes and prevent the formation of the caps. During the inhibition period, this biological characteristic of Flammulina velutipes can be used to inhibit the excessive growth of the stipes. However, this measure can only play a good inhibitory role when used in conjunction with low temperature and large ventilation volume. During the inhibition period, light inhibition is generally carried out with LED lights and bear lights, about 30cm from the bottle height. Some factories also use 36w bulbs 3m from the bottle surface. The general light intensity is 150~200lx, and supplementary light is provided for 12 hours every day. During the inhibition period, the factory-based cultivation of Flammulina velutipes should avoid emphasizing strong light irradiation: it will cause the cap to become larger and the color of the mushroom body to become darker.

(5) Covering mushroom slices

When the mushroom buds grow to 2~2.5cm above the bottle mouth, fix the blue plastic mushroom slices upright on the bottle mouth, with the opening angle of the mushroom slices at about 15°. If the sleeve is applied too early, the mushroom buds will be too low, below 1.5cm, and the mushroom buds will be easily submerged; if the sleeve is applied too late, above 3cm, the buds will be easily damaged. The mushroom room manager and workshop director should check the sleeve process and the bottle after sleeve application, and make corrections in time, so as to reduce the occurrence of sleeve mushrooms and reduce unnecessary losses. For those who have not corrected the problem, the mushroom room manager should report it to the production manager in time, otherwise it will be punished for concealment. In order to increase the speed, the method of subcontracting can be adopted under the premise of ensuring quality. Because the carbon dioxide concentration inside the mushroom cover will be slightly higher than that outside, it will prevent the mushroom buds from opening early, promote the rapid growth of the stems, make the stems long, thick and strong, and make the Flammulina velutipes grow uniformly. The length of the sleeve varies depending on the grading and harvesting standards of each Flammulina velutipes factory. Generally, it is appropriate to be 1~2cm longer than the length of the first-grade mushroom stems.